Remote sensing for cost-effective blue carbon accounting

Blue carbon ecosystems (BCE) include mangrove forests, tidal marshes, and seagrass meadows, all of which are currently under threat, putting their contribution to mitigating climate change at risk. Although certain challenges trade-offs exist, remote sensing offers a promising avenue for transparent, replicable, cost-effective accounting many BCE unprecedented temporal spatial scales. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has issued guidelines developing blue inventories incorporate into Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). Yet, there is little guidance techniques monitoring, reporting, verifying assets. This review constructs unified roadmap applying technologies develop – from local global We summarise discuss (1) current standard inventories; (2) traditional cutting-edge mapping habitats; (3) methods translating habitat maps estimates; (4) decision tree assist users in determining the most suitable approach depending areas interest, budget, required accuracy assessment. designed this work support UNFCCC-approved IPCC with specific recommendations GHG inventories. Overall, robust tools assets projects. Increased appreciation these can promote technological shift towards greater policy industry uptake, enhancing scalability as Natural Solution worldwide.